Case Reports
Vol. 38 No. 2 (2016)
https://doi.org/10.4081/pmc.2016.121

Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum with myopathy and velopharyngeal insufficiency. A case report with a non-branchiomeric muscle biopsy

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Received: 17 July 2015
Published: 27 June 2016
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Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, Non-branchiomeric muscle biopsy, Neural crest cells, Velopharyngeal insufficiency

Authors

Giovanni Murialdo
Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Genoa, Italy.
Attilia Piazzi
Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Giuseppe Badolati
Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Enrico Calcagno
Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
Agostino Berio
agostinoberio@ospedale-gaslini.ge.it
Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics and Mother-Child Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
In the present paper we report on a case of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum presenting fluorescence in situ hybridization and comparative genomic hybridization tests negative, hypotonia of some branchiomeric muscles (with velo-pharyngeal insufficiency, dysphagia and nasal voice) and non-branchiomeric muscles (with strabismus and limb hypotrophy). On the basis of the left quadriceps muscle biopsy, showing anisometry and prevalence of type 1 fibers, and on literature data, we underline the relevance of TBX1 gene (regulator of neural crest cells and activator of myogenic factors in branchiomeric muscles development) and of PAX3 gene (present in neural crest, inducing migration of these cells and reported in non-branchiomeric muscles). We conclude that the case of OAVS presented a generalized myopathy and we hypothesize that a cluster of genes strictly neural crest cells related, including TBX1 and PAX3, may be responsible of the branchiomeric and non-branchiomeric myopathy; alternatively, a regulatory mechanism abnormally common to OAVS and velo-cardio-facial syndrome could be present.

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Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum with myopathy and velopharyngeal insufficiency. A case report with a non-branchiomeric muscle biopsy. (2016). La Pediatria Medica E Chirurgica, 38(2). https://doi.org/10.4081/pmc.2016.121

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